The basic idea of bowling - knocking down a pin or other object by throwing a ball - is very old indeed, in fact it probably goes back to the ancient Egyptians and beyond. Variations on this idea can be found in all cultures. However, the German sport of Kegeln (still played now), which developed in the Middle Ages, is rather more similar to the bowling of today.
Modern American bowling probably started in the 17th century, when Dutch immigrants played a ball game involving the use of a long alley, with a row of pins or skittles to be knocked down. The game grew in popularity until the late 19th century; by the end of that time, the American Bowling Congress had been founded. By the mid 1950s, modern-style bowling alleys with pin setting machines were in existence, and games had begun to appear on TV.
This website gives a good overview of the history of bowling.
Modern American bowling probably started in the 17th century, when Dutch immigrants played a ball game involving the use of a long alley, with a row of pins or skittles to be knocked down. The game grew in popularity until the late 19th century; by the end of that time, the American Bowling Congress had been founded. By the mid 1950s, modern-style bowling alleys with pin setting machines were in existence, and games had begun to appear on TV.
This website gives a good overview of the history of bowling.